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Echinus Duciei
Test circular, much depressed :
ambulacral areas more than half the width of the interambulacral, with
two rows of marginal nearly equal-sized tubercles throughout, and two
other rows within these, extending from the border to the mouth ; one
of these inner rows ascends a short way above the border :
interambulacral areas with eight rows of tubercles at the border,
diminishing to two rows above the others, disappearing or becoming of
secondary size ; from the border to the mouth, the eight rows continue
of uniform size : the pores are in triple oblique pairs ; between each
pair there is a slight ridge of the test, which gives a singular
zigzag figure to the poriferous avenues : mouth large and decagonal,
base flat : apical disc of moderate size, but not preserved.
Dimensions. - Height 15/20 of an inch ; transverse diameter 1
17/20 inch.
Description. - This beautiful Urchin has been thought to be
identical with the E. Scillae, Desmoul., and the one figured by
Scilla in pl. 13. fig. 1, pl. 25. fig. 1, and pl. 26. fig. A, B, of
his work* ; but the number of tubercles on each of the plates in our
specimen differs from the Echinus è Messana of that author, who
has figured only one large tubercle on each plate of that form. From
E. Scillae it is certainly distinct, as we know of no Urchin
that is common to the cretaceous and tertiary rocks. The test is
circular, much depressed on the upper surface and flat below ; the
ambulacral areas are almost 4/10ths of an inch in width at the border,
where we count four rows of tubercles ; the marginal rows are very
univorm in size and arrangement from the mouth to the disc ; the two
internal rows are smaller, and continue from the border to the mouth ;
one of these extends a short distance on the sides, but on the upper
half of the areas there are only the two marginal rows : the
interambulacral areas are 7/10ths of an inch in width at the border ;
there are eight rows of tubercles at this point and onwards towards
the base, they are nearly of the same size ; but, from the border to
the apical disc, the second row, from the ambulacral areas, alone
possesses the size the tubercles have at the border ; the bubercles in
the others diminish in size, and disappear as the areas become
narrower ; above, we find only two marginal tubercles of the primary
size, and internal to theses, a few of secondary magnitude irregularly
set : all the tubercles are raised on mammillary eminences, with
areolas around their bases, and numerous large granules |
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fill up all the intervening
spaces, so that the surface of this Echinus has a very
tuberculatd appearance. The poriferous avenues are on a level with the
test ; the pores are arranged in triple oblique pairs ; between each
pair there is a slight elevated ridge ; every two ridges of each
triple oblique pair of holes is connected by another ridge, which runs
at an angle of 45° to them ; by this arrangement the poriferous
avenues exhibit a curious zigzag character through these little
elevations of the test in the line of the pedal pores. The base is
flattened, the mouth-opening is large and decagonal, and the jaws and
teeth are narrow and much curved inwards ; the apical disc is absent
in all the spedimens we have examined ; the space for the same is,
however, of moderate size.
Affinities and differences. - This species may be distinguished
from Echinus Serresii, Desmoul., from the Molasse de Provence,
in having larger tubercles, with less granulation at their base, and
the absence of the zigzag ridges between the pairs of pores : from
Echinus dubius, Agass., another tertiary species from the
Molasse of Villeneuve in Provence, it is distinguished by the more
uniform size of its tubercles, the depression of the upper surface,
and the zigzag ridges of the poriferous zones.
Locality and
stratigraphical range. - It was collected from bed No. 1, the Gozo
marble, Malta, where it is not uncommon. We have dedicated this
species to the Earl Ducie, who collected the beauticul specimens we
have figured. *
De Corporibus Marinis Lapidescentibus
Extrait de la
planche IV
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